Название: Classic and High-Enthalpy Hypersonic Flows
Автор: Joseph J.S. Shang
Издательство: CRC Press
Год: 2023
Страниц: 327
Язык: английский
Формат: pdf (true)
Размер: 23.4 MB

Classic and High-Enthalpy Hypersonic Flows presents a complete look at high-enthalpy hypersonic flow from a review of classic theories to a discussion of future advances centering around the Born-Oppenheim approximation, potential energy surface, and critical point for transition. The state-of-the-art hypersonic flows are defined by a seamless integration of the classic gas dynamic kinetics with nonequilibrium chemical kinetics, quantum transitions, and radiative heat transfer. The book is intended for graduate students studying advanced aerodynamics and taking courses in hypersonic flow. It can also serve as a professional reference for practicing aerospace and mechanical engineers of high-speed aerospace vehicles and propulsion system research, design, and evaluation.

Gas dynamic kinetics is the foundation for the physical description of all classic aerodynamic phenomena from subsonic, transonic, supersonic, to hypersonic flow domains. The gist of this theory is that the interactions between elementary gas particles involve binary elastic collisions among gas molecules. Building on this premise, a series of illuminating and outstanding theories have been developed spanning the complete spectrum of gas motions and have withheld the test of time. Meanwhile, defining the transport properties of gas medium clearly demarcates the distinctive inviscid and viscous flow behaviors.

For supersonic flows, the zone of dependence generates a complex shock and expansion waves system by convergent and divergent limiting characteristic surfaces. The piecewise continuous shock jump condition is established by the Rankine-Hugonoit relations. As the Mach number increases further into the hypersonic domain, the flow field structure approaches a nearly invariant pattern and also displays significant discrepancies from the classic theories. The source of disparities is attributable to the high-enthalpy gas behaviors that are generated by the extremely strong shock compression within a very thin shock layer envelope over the solid surface. The gas thermodynamic state must transform from a rarefied ambient condition to reach a state that is comparable to the surface of sun. The chemical reacting gas medium simply cannot attain the equilibrium state, especially when dissociation and ionization take place. The hypersonic flow now becomes an interdisciplinary endeavor that includes consequences of nonequilibrium chemical kinetics, quantum mechanics, and radiative energy transfer. This book delineates the integration of required multiple disciplines for analyzing high-enthalpy hypersonic flows.

Features:

Presents a comprehensive review of classic hypersonic flow from the Newtonian theory to blast wave analogue.
Introduces nonequilibrium chemical kinetics to gas dynamics for hypersonic flows in the high-enthalpy state.
Integrates quantum mechanics to high-enthalpy hypersonic flows including dissociation and ionization.
Covers the complete heat transfer process with radiative energy transfer for thermal protection of earth reentry vehicle.
Develops and verifies the interdisciplinary governing equations for understanding and analyzing realistic hypersonic flows.