Название: Smart Materials in Additive Manufacturing, Volume 2 : 4D Printing Mechanics, Modeling, and Advanced Engineering Applications
Автор: Mahdi Bodaghi, Ali Zolfagharian
Издательство: Elsevier
Год: 2022
Страниц: 466
Язык: английский
Формат: pdf (true)
Размер: 35.6 MB

Smart Materials in Additive Manufacturing, Volume 2 covers the mechanics, modeling, and applications of the technology and the materials produced by it. It approaches the topic from an engineering design perspective with cutting-edge modeling techniques and real-world applications and case studies highlighted throughout. The book demonstrates 4D printing techniques for electro-induced shape memory polymers, pneumatic soft actuators, textiles, and more. Modeling techniques with ABAQUS and Machine Learning are outlined, as are manufacturing techniques for highly elastic skin, tunable RF and wireless structures and modules, and 4D printed structures with tunable mechanical properties. Closed-loop control of 4D printed hydrogel soft robots, hierarchical motion of 4D printed structures using the temperature memory effect, multimaterials 4D printing using a grasshopper plugin, shape reversible 4D printing, and variable stiffness 4D printing are each discussed as well.

Robotics has always been synonymous with high precision and rigidity. However, in recent years, new technology has emerged that added the flexibility and adaptability that was not previously possible in rigid robots. Soft robots have extended the conventional robotics that has high precision in terms of movement and force but lack the ability to adjust to their dynamic environment situation. With the advancement of three-dimensional (3D) printing, their contribution to soft robotics has emerged as four-dimensional (4D) printing where the fourth dimension refers to the time-dependent response of the printed mechanism to varying stimuli, such as heat, magnetic, electricity, and pneumatic pressure. The 4D-printed soft pneumatic actuator (SPA) focused in this study consists of finger-like structures with bellows on one longitudinal side, which inflate when pressurized causing it to extend and bend toward one side. It has a low material cost, lightweight, ease of manufacture, adaptability, flexibility, and deformability compared to the rigid counterparts. Arguably, one of the most important benefits of this 4D-printed actuator is human safety, with their soft, flexible material properties enabling them to reduce impact and harm human skin or other delicate objects and surfaces. This type of soft robot actuator is utilized in the design of a soft surgical manipulator using an embedded optical fiber and FBG sensors to control bending in a closed-loop system. They also prove beneficial to applications where the objects to be manipulated may vary in size and shape, and fragile to handle. The potential for this technology also lies in its use for the rehabilitation of a wrist and finger exoskeleton to assist the movement of joints.

Outlines cutting-edge techniques, structural design, modeling, simulation, and tools for application-based 4D printing
Details design, modeling, simulation, and manufacturing considerations for various fields
Includes case studies demonstrating real-world situations where the techniques and concepts discussed were successfully deployed
Applications covered include textiles, soft robotics, auxetics and metamaterials, micromachines, sensors, bioprinting, and wireless devices