Название: An Introduction to Image Classification: From Designed Models to End-to-End Learning
Автор: Klaus D. Toennies
Издательство: Springer
Год: 2024
Страниц: 297
Язык: английский
Формат: pdf (true), epub
Размер: 69.6 MB

Image classification is a critical component in computer vision tasks and has numerous applications. Traditional methods for image classification involve feature extraction and classification in feature space. Current state-of-the-art methods utilize end-to-end learning with Deep Neural Networks, where feature extraction and classification are integrated into the model. Understanding traditional image classification is important because many of its design concepts directly correspond to components of a neural network. This knowledge can help demystify the behavior of these networks, which may seem opaque at first sight.

The book starts from introducing methods for model-driven feature extraction and classification, including basic Computer Vision techniques for extracting high-level semantics from images. A brief overview of probabilistic classification with generative and discriminative classifiers is then provided. Next, neural networks are presented as a means to learn a classification model directly from labeled sample images, with individual components of the network discussed. The relationships between network components and those of a traditional designed model are explored, and different concepts for regularizing model training are explained. Finally, various methods for analyzing what a network has learned are covered in the closing section of the book.

The topic of image classification is presented as a thoroughly curated sequence of steps that gradually increase understanding of the working of a fully trainable classifier. Practical exercises in Python/Keras/Tensorflow have been designed to allow for experimental exploration of these concepts. In each chapter, suitable functions from Python modules are briefly introduced to provide students with the necessary tools to conduct these experiments.

If used in classroom, the practical exercises or slight variations of them should let the student experience consequences of design decisions by means of example. Used for self-study, programming should also help to gain a better understanding of the underlying theoretical concepts. The exercises are also meant to familiarize the student with building blocks in Python/Keras for the various classification models.

Carrying out the programming tasks requires basic understanding of syntax as well as data and control structures in Python. If missing, it can be acquired by taking any of the many free Python courses found on the internet. However, in our experience, a good knowledge of an object-oriented programming language (C++, Java, etc.) and/or of an interpreter language such as Matlab is sufficient for acquiring the necessary Python background on the fly while doing the practical exercises.

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