Название: A Citizen's Guide to Artificial Intelligence
Автор: John Zerilli, John Danaher, James Maclaurin
Издательство: The MIT Press
Год: 2021
Страниц: 233
Язык: английский
Формат: pdf (true)
Размер: 13.5 MB

Artificial intelligence, or AI for short, has generated a staggering amount of hype in the past several years. Is it the game-changer it's been cracked up to be? If so, how is it changing the game? How is it likely to affect us as customers, tenants, aspiring home-owners, students, educators, patients, clients, prison inmates, members of ethnic and sexual minorities, voters in liberal democracies? This book offers a concise overview of moral, political, legal and economic implications of AI. It covers the basics of AI's latest permutation, Machine Learning (ML), and considers issues including transparency, bias, liability, privacy, and regulation.

The past decade has witnessed an unprecedented acceleration in both the sophistication and uptake of various algorithmic decision tools. From music and TV show recommendations, product advertising, and opinion polling to medical diagnostics, university admissions, job placement, and financial services, the range of the potential application of these technologies is truly vast. And while the business sector has wasted no time getting on board, governments too have been steadily integrating algorithmic decision support systems into their daily operations. Many police and law enforcement agencies around the world, for example, have co-­opted Deep Learning (DL) tools in an effort to optimize efficiency and (so they say) reduce human bias. But while the roll-­out continues to gather momentum and enthusiasts have welcomed the dawn of a new era, not everyone is convinced. Must those awaiting the outcome of a health insurance claim or defendants seeking bail or parole simply take it on faith that a machine knows best? Can a machine deciding such matters as the likelihood of a criminal reoffending really be accurate, free from bias, and transparent in its operations?

This book is the result of a joint effort in trying to make sense of the new algorithmic world order. It’s structured around ten core themes. These canvass such questions as, what is artificial intelligence? Can an AI explain its decisions? Can it be held legally responsible? Does it have agency? What kind of control should humans retain over such systems, and does it depend on the kind of decision being made? Is the law of privacy in need of a fundamental rethink now that data sharing is easier and far more common than even ten years ago? How do we address the potential for manipulation through targeted political advertising? Is the use of decision tools by governments interestingly different from their use in industry? Do states have unique obligations to their citizens in this regard? How best to regulate behemoths like Facebook, Google, and Apple? Is regulation the answer? What kind of regulation?