Название: Introduction to Information Systems, 10th Edition
Автор: R. Kelly Rainer, Brad Prince
Издательство: Wiley
Год: September 20, 2023
Страниц: 622
Язык: английский
Формат: pdf (true)
Размер: 34.8 MB

Introduction to Information Systems, 10th Edition teaches undergraduate business majors how to use information technology to master their current or future jobs. Students will see how global businesses use technology and information systems to increase their profitability, gain market share, develop and improve their customer relations, and manage daily operations. This course demonstrates that IS is the backbone of any business, whether a student is majoring in accounting, finance, marketing, human resources, production/operations management, or MIS. In short, students will learn how information systems provide the foundation for all modern organizations, whether they are public sector, private sector, for-profit, or not-for-profit.

Using databases eliminates many problems that arose from previous methods of storing and accessing data, such as file management systems. Databases are arranged so that one set of software programs—the database management system—provides all users with access to all of the data. (You will study database management systems later in this chapter.) Database systems minimize the following problems:
• Data redundancy: The same data are stored in multiple locations.
• Data isolation: Applications cannot access data associated with other applications.
• Data inconsistency: Various copies of the data do not agree.

As you have seen in this chapter, traditional relational databases such as Oracle and MySQL store data in tables organized into rows and columns. Recall that each row is associated with a unique record, and each column is associated with a field that defines an attribute of that account. In contrast, NoSQL databases can manipulate structured as well as unstructured data as well as inconsistent or missing data. For this reason, NoSQL databases are particularly useful when working with Big Data. Hadoop and MapReduce are particularly useful when analyzing massive databases.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a subfield of Computer Science that studies the thought processes of humans and recreates the effects of those processes through information systems. We define artificial intelligence as the theory and development of information systems that are capable of performing tasks that normally require human intelligence. That is, we define AI in terms of the tasks that humans perform, rather than how humans think. The ultimate goal of AI is to build machines that mimic human intelligence.

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